| Language |
Reconstruction |
Reflex |
Description |
|
Ra'ivavae
|
AN.FARA
|
Hara
|
The pandanus tree...
|
|
Ra'ivavae
|
TR.KUTE
|
Hara/ʔute
|
The red pandanus flower
|
|
Ra'ivavae
|
PN.FALALA.A
|
Harara
|
Leaning over, off the perpendicular
|
|
Ra'ivavae
|
PN.FALALA.B
|
Harara
|
To come on to blow, spring up (of the wind)
|
|
East Futuna
|
PN.KAU.2C
|
Kau
|
Préfixe des dizaines (dans la numération): kauagafulu 'dix', kaulua 'vingt'
|
|
East Futuna
|
PN.KAU.2C
|
Kau
|
S'emploie aussi pour compter les ignames, les cocos: kau ufi 'dix ignames'; kau niu 'cent cocos'
|
|
Mangaia
|
NP.KO-NAA
|
Kona
|
There, where the person is standing or pointed to
|
|
Niue
|
NP.KO-NAA
|
Kunaa
|
Demonstrative local noun. That place. there
Phonologically Irregular
|
|
Tuvalu
|
NP.KO-NAA
|
Konaa
|
Demonstrative pronoun, those near you. Location marker over there
|
|
Rennellese
|
NP.KO-NAA
|
Konaa
|
Demonstrative. Those, like those, there (near addressee, of pl. objects)
|
|
Tuvalu
|
NP.KO-NEI
|
Konei
|
Here
|
|
Rennellese
|
NP.KO-NEI
|
Konei
|
Demonstrative. These, like these, here, belonging here, local, the people here (pl.)
|
|
New Zealand Maori
|
PN.EE-NAA
|
Eenaa
|
Those (near or connected with the person addressed)
|
|
Rarotongan
|
PN.EE-NAA
|
Eenaa
|
Demonstrative pronoun. Those (by you or associated with you)
|
|
Penrhyn
|
PN.EE-NAA
|
Eenaa
|
Pronoun, demonstrative. Those by you (the indefinite/ plural of tēnā)
|
|
Tahitian
|
PN.EE-NAA
|
Enaa
|
It is there (near the other person)
|
|
Tokelau
|
PN.EE-NAA
|
I/eenaa
|
Those
|
|
Tongan
|
PN.EE-NAA
|
Ena
|
That, those
Problematic
|
|
Niue
|
PN.EE-NAA
|
A/enaa
|
That, those, now
Problematic
|
|
New Zealand Maori
|
NP.EE-LAA
|
Eeraa
|
Determiner: those, away from speaker and listener
|
|
Penrhyn
|
NP.EE-LAA
|
Eeraa
|
Pron(dem), those over there (the indefinite/plural of tērā)
|
|
Rarotongan
|
NP.EE-LAA
|
Eeraa
|
Of tērā, q.v. Those there (not beside or associated with you or me)
|
|
New Zealand Maori
|
NP.KO-LAA
|
Koraa
|
(Location) over there, that place (at a distance), the place over there, there
|
|
Tuvalu
|
NP.KO-LAA
|
Kolaa
|
Location marker. Over there, far away or socially marked
|
|
Rennellese
|
NP.KO-LAA
|
Kogaa (kongaa)
|
Demonstrative. Those, those others, like those. There (far, of pl. objects); some, other
|
|
Tongan
|
PN.TE.2
|
Te
|
(Immediately before a pronominal subj.) or ‘e (elsewhere), sign of future tense, or merely a predicative sign
|
|
Samoan
|
PN.TE.2
|
Te
|
Particle used in complementary distribution with 'e' never occurring initially, only after pre-basic pronouns
|
|
New Zealand Maori
|
PN.I.2A
|
I
|
(Particle) at, in, on, along, by way of - used before location words to indicate past location
|
|
Rarotongan
|
PN.I.2A
|
I
|
Marking location in (usually past) time: at, on, in, when, while, as
|
|
Penrhyn
|
PN.I.2A
|
I
|
Marking the location in space and time. There exists no distinction between a past time and a future time as far as the prepositions concern
|
|
Samoan
|
PN.I.2A
|
I
|
Particle denoting position in space or time: in, at, on
|
|
Sikaiana
|
PN.I.2A
|
I
|
Preposition, locative and temporal: at, on, in
|
|
Rennellese
|
PN.I.2A
|
I/ia/a/ia te
|
Causative, instrumental, locative, ablative, and temporal preposition: because of, due to, by means of, acout, concerning, in, at, on
|
|
Takuu
|
PN.I.2A
|
I
|
At, in, on; to, towards, with respect to; from; among, between
|
|
Tuvalu
|
PN.I.2A
|
I
|
Preposition that usually denotes position in space or time
|
|
Tongan
|
PN.I.2A
|
ʔI, ʔia, ʔiate
|
Preposition locative: at, on, in, during, with, in the charge of, about, of/among, for (the space or period of)
|
|
Easter Island
|
PN.I.2A
|
I
|
Prep. En (de tiempo). At, in, on (Fts).
|
|
Marquesas
|
PN.I.2A
|
I. ʔI (Mtu).
|
Prep s’emploie lorsqu’on veut indiquerle temps, l’époque la circonstance de temps. Case marker: locative (Mtu).
|
|
New Zealand Maori
|
EP.KORE
|
Kore
|
Cease to be; be gone, absent, lost; used as a sufffix to nouns it forms nouns indicating the absence or lack of what is denoted from the original noun
|
|
Marquesas
|
EP.KORE
|
Kore
|
Non, nullement, ne point
|
|
Pukapuka
|
CE.KA-KORE
|
Kaakole
|
Emphatic negation, nothing at all, not at all
Problematic
|
|
Hawaiian
|
CE.KA-KORE
|
ʔAʔole
|
No, not; be none, have none
|
|
Marquesas
|
CE.KA-KORE
|
Kakore, kakoʔe, ʔakoʔe, ʔaʔoʔe. ʔAkore (1ŋ04). ʔAkoʔe (MQN), ʔaʔe (Lch). ʔAaʔooʔee (Mtu).
|
Non, point du tout. Ne...pas, nullement. Particule négative. (Lch). No (Mtu).
|
|
Mangareva
|
CE.KA-KORE
|
Kakore
|
Non
|
|
New Zealand Maori
|
CE.KAHORE
|
Kaahore
|
No, not; on the contrary
|
|
New Zealand Maori
|
CE.KAHORE
|
Kaaore
|
No, not; but, however; expressing surprise, admiration, distress, etc. 'how great!'
|
|
Mangaia
|
CE.KAHORE
|
ʔAaore, kaore
|
None, nothing
|
|
Penrhyn
|
CE.KA-KORE
|
Kaakore
|
To be not, be nothing, be zero
|
|
Hawaiian
|
CE.E KORE
|
ʔEʔole
|
Negative conditional verb
|
|
Mangareva
|
CE.E KORE
|
E kore
|
Negative marker
|